Public Expenditure and Human Development Convergence in Eastern Indonesia 2015-2023

Eva Setyaningsih; Yozi Aulia Rahman

doi:10.24843/JEKT.2026.v19.i01.p03

Authors

Eva Setyaningsih Universitas Negeri Semarang
Yozi Aulia Rahman Universitas Negeri Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24843/JEKT.2026.v19.i01.p03

Keywords:

GMM, Human Development Index, Government Expenditure, Convergence

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh belanja pemerintah di sektor pendidikan, kesehatan, dan perlindungan sosial serta faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi seperti tingkat kemiskinan dan tingkat kemiskinan terbuka terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) di Indonesia Timur. Lebih jauh lagi, penelitian ini juga menguji konvergensi pembangunan manusia antarprovinsi untuk melihat apakah gas antarwilayah semakin menyempit seiring berjalannya waktu. Studi ini menggunakan data panel provinsi untuk periode 2015–2023 dengan menggunakan Metode Momen Umum (GMM) untuk mengatasi potensi endogenitas dan bias model dinamis. Hasilnya menunjukkan konvergensi β, di mana provinsi dengan IPM rendah tumbuh lebih cepat daripada provinsi dengan IPM tinggi, meskipun dengan laju yang lebih lambat. Secara parsial belanja pendidikan memiliki dampak positif namun tidak signifikan, belanja kesehatan memiliki dampak negatif yang signifikan, sedangkan belanja perlindungan sosial memiliki dampak positif yang cukup besar. Tingkat kemiskinan dan kemiskinan terbuka mempunyai dampak negatif yang besar terhadap IPM. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya belanja publik yang efektif dan kebijakan sosial yang tepat sasaran dalam mempercepat konvergensi pembangunan manusia di Indonesia Timur.

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