TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL PADA PERBANKAN KONVENSIONAL: ANCAMAN ATAU PELUANG?

Penulis

  • Viktor Amos Universitas Nusa Cendana
  • Septimus Adrianus Mali Universitas Nusa Cendana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24843/EJMUNUD.2025.v14.i12.p05

Kata Kunci:

kolaborasi fintech-bank; perbankan konvensional; transformasi digital

Abstrak

Transformasi digital di sektor perbankan konvensional merupakan fenomena yang semakin penting di era teknologi finansial (fintech). Artikel ini merupakan kajian literatur untuk mengeksplorasi dinamika transformasi digital pada bank-bank konvensional, dengan fokus pada peluang, tantangan, dan strategi adaptasi yang diterapkan. Melalui telaah berbagai sumber ilmiah dan laporan industri, ditemukan bahwa digitalisasi bukan hanya soal penerapan teknologi, melainkan juga perubahan mendasar pada model bisnis, budaya organisasi, serta regulasi yang mendukung inovasi. Kolaborasi antara bank dan fintech muncul sebagai strategi kunci dalam memperkuat daya saing dan memperluas inklusi keuangan. Regulasi adaptif dan perlindungan data menjadi faktor krusial dalam menciptakan ekosistem digital yang sehat. Kajian ini juga mengidentifikasi kebutuhan penelitian lebih lanjut yang mendalam dan empiris untuk mengukur dampak transformasi digital secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi penting bagi akademisi, pelaku industri, dan pembuat kebijakan dalam mengakselerasi inovasi perbankan di Indonesia.

Referensi

Accenture. (2021). Fast‑track to future‑ready banking operations: Reinventing banking operations to trigger growth.

Amos, V. (2022). Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Anggota Menggunakan Aplikasi Berbasis Fintech Pada Credit Union Mekar Kasih Wilayah … [Universitas Hasanuddin]. http://repository.unhas.ac.id/id/eprint/17129/%0Ahttp://repository.unhas.ac.id/id/eprint/17129/3/A022202003_tesis_20-06-2022 dp.pdf

Amos, V., Pahlevi, C., & Rahim, F. R. (2022). Financial technology dalam koperasi: Dimensi sosio ekonomi dan dimensi kinerja yang diharapkan (performance expectancy) nasabah. Fair Value: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 4(9), 3903–3913. https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=id&user=-3c40LoAAAAJ&authuser=1&citation_for_view=-3c40LoAAAAJ:2osOgNQ5qMEC

Arner, D. W., Barberis, J., & Buckley, R. P. (2017). FinTech, regTech, and the reconceptualization of financial regulation. Northwestern Journal of International Law and Business, 37(3), 373–415.

Avolio, B. J., & Kahai, S. S. (2021). Leadership in the digital age: Transformational leadership, innovation, and organizational culture. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 28(1), 56–68. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051820969575

Bains, P., & Woolard, C. (2021). Balancing innovation and regulation in finance: A perspective from the UK. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 29(1), 17–28.

Bareksa. (2024). OJK Terbitkan Aturan untuk Mendukung Transformasi Digital Sektor Perbankan. Bareksa. https://ojk.go.id/id/berita-dan-kegiatan/siaran-pers/Pages/OJK-Terbitkan-Aturan-dan-Pedoman-untuk-Mendukung-Transformasi-Digital-Sektor-Perbankan.aspx

Birnbaum, R., Christensen, C. M., Christensen, C. M., & Raynor, M. E. (2005). The Innovator’s Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail. In Academe (Vol. 91, Issue 1). Harvard Business Review Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/40252749

Bounie, D., Camara, Y., & Gallardo, C. (2022). Digital transformation in banking: The role of information technology and strategic alignment. Journal of Financial Services Research, 61(3), 295–317. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10693-021-00364-5

Capgemini. (2013). World Retail Banking Report 2013. In World Retail Banking Report Capgemini. https://www.worldretailbankingreport.com/download

Choudary, S. P. (2015). Platform Scale: How an Emerging Business Model Helps Startups Build Large Empires with Minimum Investment, Platform Thinking Labs Pte. In Ltd.: Singapore. Platform Thinking Labs.

Deloitte. (2025). Banking & Capital Markets. Deloitte.

Demirgüç-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., Singer, D., & Ansar, S. (2022). The Global Findex Database 2021:Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments,and Resilience in the Age of COVID-19. In The Global Findex Database. http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-1-4648-1897-4

Denison, D. R., & Mishra, A. K. (2021). Toward a theory of organizational culture and effectiveness. Organization Science, 32(2), 325–343. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1421

Devionita, I Gusti Ayu; Darmayanti, N. P. A. (2024). PENGARUH PERMODALAN RISIKO OPERASIONAL DAN TINGKAT SUKU BUNGA TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PERUSAHAAN FINTECH LENDING. E Jurnal Manajemen, 13(2), 171–190. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24843/EJMUNUD.2024.v13.i02.p01

Economisea. (2024). Laporan e‑Conomy SEA 2024. Economisea. https://economysea.withgoogle.com//intl/id_id/home/

European Banking Autority. (2020). EBA Report on Big Data and Advanced Analytics. In https://www.eba.europa.eu/sites/default/files/document_library/Final%20Report%20on%20Big%20Data%20and%20Advanced%20Analytics.pdf (Issue January).

Fintech News Singapore. (2025). Legacy Tech Still Plagues 95% of Asia Pacific Banks, Slowing Down Modernisation. https://fintechnews.sg/111973/thailand/bank-modernisation-asia-pacific/?utm_source=chatgpt.com

Forum, W. E. (2018). With 60% of the global economy forecast to be digitised by 2022, there remains huge potential to lift more people out of poverty, here’s how. CNBC Africa.

IBM. (2021). IBM Report: Cost of a Data Breach Hits Record High During Pandemic. IBM Newsroom.

Jain, R., & Kim, D. (2022). Digital transformation in banking: The interplay of technology adoption and organizational culture. Journal of Business Research, 122–130. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.01.009

Keuangan, O. J. (2023). Laporan Perkembangan Inovasi Keuangan Digital 2023. https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/iknb/berita-dan-kegiatan/publikasi/Pages/default.aspx

McKinsey, & Company. (2022). the Future of Digital Banking in Asia 2022 Future Series. www.finextra.com

Nguyen, T. H., & Nguyen, T. T. (2021). Enhancing digital literacy in banking sector: The role of internal training programs. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 26(2), 75–87. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-020-00088-9

Omarini, A. E. (2018). Banks and Fintechs: How to Develop a Digital Open Banking Approach for the Bank’s Future. International Business Research, 11(9), 23. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v11n9p23

Peter Weill, & Stephanie Woerner. (2018). What’s Your Digital Business Model?: Six Questions to Help You Build the ... Harvard Business Review Press. https://books.google.de/books?hl=en&lr=&id=yLsyDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT5&dq=%5B87%5D+P.+Will,+S.+Woerner,+What’s+your+digital+business+model%3F:+Six+questions+to+help+you+build+the+next-generation+enterprise,+Harvard+Business+School+Press,+Boston,+Massachuse

Philippon, T. (2023). The Great Reversal. How America Gave Up on Free Markets (excerpt). In Ekonomicheskaya Sotsiologiya (Vol. 24, Issue 4). Harvard University Press. https://doi.org/10.17323/1726-3247-2023-4-62-73

PricewaterhouseCoopers. (2018). Strengthening internal audit in financial services. https://www.pwc.com

Putri, Putu Ayu Diah Widari; Widyari, Nyoman Yudha Astriayu; Sari, I. A. K. T. P. (2025). DAMPAK PEMANFAATAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) DALAM PERILAKU PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN TERHADAP ETIKA BISNIS DAN KEBERLANJUTAN ORGANISASI. E Jurnal Manajemen, 14(6), 378–395. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24843/EJMUNUD.2025.v14.i6.p01.

Snow, C. C., Fjeldstad, Ø. D., & Langer, A. M. (2017). Designing the digital organization. Journal of Organization Design, 6(1), 38–44. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41469-017-0017-y

Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039

Susanto, F. O., Noval Adib, & Arum Prastiwi. (2024). The Impact Of Revenue Diversification On Bank Profitability And Stability: Evidence From Indonesia Banking Industry. Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 14(4). https://doi.org/10.22219/jrak.v14i4.36770

Vial, G. (2021). Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda. Managing Digital Transformation: Understanding the Strategic Process, 28(2), 13–66.

World Economic Forum. (2020). The Future of Financial Infrastructure: How Blockchain Can Reshape Financial Services. https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of-financial-infrastructure

Zalan, T., & Toufaily, E. (2017). The promise of fintech in emerging markets: Not as disruptive. Contemporary Economics, 11(4), 415–430. https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.253

Zetzsche, D. A., Arner, D. W., & Buckley, R. P. (2020). Decentralized finance. Journal of Financial Regulation, 6(2), 172–203. https://doi.org/10.1093/jfr/fjaa010

Zhang, B., & Xiong, W. (2019). Regulating fintech in an era of digital transformation: Regulatory challenges and the way forward. Journal of Banking Regulation, 20(4), 328–337.

Diterbitkan

2025-12-24

Terbitan

Bagian

Articles