Keunikan Budaya dan Keindahan Alam sebagai Citra Destinasi Bali menurut Wisatawan Australia Lanjut Usia
Keywords:
natural existence, Balinese culture, destination image, travel motivation, destination creation, destination identityAbstract
In recent years, many has begun to doubt the continued existence of Bali’s nature and culture in shaping its destination image. The current research was conducted to confirm the existence of culture and nature as the determining factors of Bali’s image as a tourism destination by selecting elderly Australian tourists as respondents, because this group tends to be more loyal and have longer average length of stay compared to other groups of tourists. This research aims to confirmatively answer the existence of Bali’s culture and nature as the destination’s identity and tourism image. The two main research questions are (1) what is the relationship between motivation, destination creation, and destination identity in forming the destination image of Bali? (2) how is the structural model of Bali’s destination image according to elderly Australian tourists? This research was conducting using survey method and quantitative analysis technique, involving 160 elderly Australian tourists. Findings from SEM analysis indicate that internal motivation influences destination image, while destination identity influences destination image, and destination creation also influences destination image. The research concludes that according to elderly Australian tourists, Bali’s culture and nature are remain strong factors in forming the island’s destination image.
References
Ardika, I Wayan. 2003. Pariwisata Budaya Berkelanjutan, Refleksi dan
Harapan di Tengah Perkembangan Global. Program Studi Magister
(S2) Kajian Pariwisata Program Pascasarjana Universitas
Udayana
Ardika, I. G. 2006, Kepariwisataan Untuk Siapa? (serial online) http://
www.budpar.go.id, diunduh pada 20 Oktober 2015
Beerli, A., Martin, J. D. 2004 “Factors influencing destination image”.
Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3): 657-681.
Chi, Gengqing. 2005. “A Study of Developing Destination Loyalty
Model”. (Dissertation) Submitted to the Faculty of the
Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in Partial
Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of
Philosophy, July 2005
Coban, S. 2012. The effects of the Image of Destination on Tourist
Satisfaction and Loyalty: The Case of Cappadocia. European
Journal of Social Sciences, 29(2), 222-232.
Disparda Bali 2015. Data Kunjungan Wisatawan Mancanegara
berdasarkan Kebangsaan. Denpasar.
Disparda Bali, 2015. Data perkembangan Jumlah kunjungan langsung
wisatawan Mancanegara ke Bali Tahun 2007 – 2014.
Esichaikul, Ranee. 2012. “Travel motivations, behavior and
requirements of European senior tourists to Thailand”.
Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University (Thailand), Vol. 10
No 2. Special Issue. Pp. 47-58.
Fakeye, P. C., J. L. Crompton. 1991. Image differences between
prospective, first-time, and repeat visitors to the lower Rio
Grande valley. Journal of Travel Research, 30 (2): 10-15.
Gallarza, M., Gil, I., Calderón, H. 2002 Destination image. Towards a
conceptual framework, Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (1), 56-
78.
Gartner, W. C. 1993. Image formation process. Journal of Travel &
Tourism Marketing, 2(2-3), 191-216.
Goeldner, Charles R, Ritchie., J.R. Brent., McIntosh, Robert W. 1999.
Tourism – Principles, Practices, Philisophies. 8th ed., John Wiley
& Sons, Inc, p.637-644.
Guliling, Hasnawati., Yuhanis Abdul Aziz, Jamil Bojei, Murali
Sambasivan,. 2013. Conceptualizing Image, Satisfaction And
Loyalty of Heritage Destination. 4th International Conference on
Business And Economic Research (4th Icber 2013) Proceeding 04 -
05 March 2013. Golden Flower Hotel, Bandung, Indonesia ISBN:
978-967-5705-10-6. WEBSITE: www.internationalconference.
com.my
Hair, Joseph F.; William C. Black; Barry J. Babin; Raplh E. Anderson;
and Ronald L. Tatham. 2006. Multivariate Data Analysis, 6th ed.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.
Indrawati, Yayuk. 2010. Persepsi Wisatawan Lanjut Usia Pada Fasilitas
Akomodasi Dan Aktivitas Pariwisata Bernuansa Seni Budaya
Di Desa Sanur. Denpasar: Jurnal Soca, Universitas Udayana.
Jamaludin, Mazlina., Shazali Johari., Azlizam Aziz., Kalsum Kayat.,
Abdul Raheem Mohamad Yusof. 2012. Examining Structural
Relationship between Destination Image, Tourist Satisfaction
and Destination Loyalty. International Journal of Independent
Research and Studies – IJIRS. ISSN: 2226-4817; EISSN: 2304-
6953, Vol. 1, No.3 (July, 2012) 89-96. Indexing and Abstracting:
Ulrich’s - Global Serials Directory.
Kasali, Rhenald. 2005. Membidik Pasar Indonesia, Segmentasi, Targeting,
Positioning, Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Keown, C., Jacobs, L. Worthley, R. 1984. “American tourists’
perceptions of retail stores in 12 selected countries”. Journal of
Travel Research, 22(3): 26-30.
Mazursky, D. and Jacoby, J. 1986. “Exploring the development of store
images”. Journal of Retailing, 62: 145-65.
Milman, A. and Pizam, A,. 1995. The role of awareness and familiarity
with a destination: the central Florida case. Journal of Travel
Research, 33 (3), pp. 21-27.
Pitana, I. Gde dan Gayatri, Putu G. 2005. Sosiologi Pariwisata. Jogjakarta.
Penerbit Andi.
Publikasi Kem. Kebudayaan dan Pariwiata RI. 2011. Ketetapan Dirjen
Imigrasi No. F.256-12.02/2000. Jakarta.Temporary Visa: Ijin
Tinggal Wisatawan Senior.
Publikasi Kem. Kebudayaan dan Pariwiata RI. 2011. Keputusan
Presiden /Keppres No. 31/1998. Jakarta, Temporary Visa: Ijin
Tinggal Wisatawan Senior.
Publikasi Kem. Kebudayaan dan Pariwiata RI. 2011. SK Menteri
Kehakiman No. M-04-12.01.02/1998. Jakarta.Temporary Visa:
Ijin Tinggal Wisatawan Senior .
Smith, James P., Kington R. 1997. Demographic and Economic
Correlates of Health in Old Age. Demography. Volume 34 No.
1, Februari 1997.
Sukardika, K. 2012. Guru Besar Unud tawarkan wisata usia lanjut. (serial
online) ANTARA News, Sabtu, 28 Juli 2012: diunduh dari
http://www.antaranews.com/berita/324170/ guru-besar-unud-
tawarkan-wisata-usia-lanjut, pada 20 Oktober 2015.
Suradnya, I Made. 2005. Analisis Faktor-Faktor Daya Tarik Wisata Bali
dan implikasinya Terhadap Perencanaan Pariwisata Daerah
Bali, Denpasar: Jurnal SOCA, Universitas Udayana.













