Tindak Komunikasi Verbal dan Nonverbal Bentuk Lepas Hormat dalam Bahasa Bali
Keywords:
communication, verbal communication, nonverbal communicationAbstract
This study aims at describing (1) quatitative appropriateness between verbal and nonverbal communicatin acts of Balinese speakers’ loosely respective forms and 2) qualitative appropriateness between verbal and nonverbal communication acts of Balinese speakers’ loosely respective forms in four villages in Bali. This appropriateness is viewed from the macro and micro linguistic functions. The subjects of this study were Balinese speakers (young generation, adult people, and old people from four villages in Bali. The data in the form of quantitative appropriateness were collected by means of questionnaire and observation with eliciting technique. The collected data were analyzed descriptively. The result of the study shows that with respect to Balinese speakers’ loosely respective forms of utterances (1) quantitatively, there was no appropriateness between verbal communication acts and nonverbal communication acts and (2) there was an appropriateness between verbal communication acts and nonverbal communication acts, in the sense that the presence of nonverbal communication acts was notparticularly intended to respect the interlocutors, but it was merely intended (1) to complete verbal messages (2) to clarify verbal messages, and (3) to emphasize verbal messages being delivered.
References
Austin, J.L. 1962. How to Do Things with Words. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Bagus, I Gusti Ngurah, dkk. 1978/1979. Undha Usuk Bahasa Bali.
(Laporan Penelitian Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan
Bahasa Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan).
Bagus, I Gusti Ngurah. 1979. Perubahan Pemakaian Bentuk Hormat dalam
Masyarakat Bali (Disertasi Universitas Indonesia).
Cahyono, Bambang Yudi. 1995. Kristal-Kristal Bahasa. Surabaya:
Airlangga University Press.
Chusmeru. 1995. Pengaruh Pemahaman Komunikasi Nonverbal
Karyawan Hotel Berbintang terhadap Pelayanan kepada Wisatawan
Mancanegara di Kotamadya Bandung Propinsi Jawa Barat (Tesis
Program Pascasarjana Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung).
Davies, W.D. 2009. Methodological Thoughts from the Linguistic
Field. Kata, 11(1): 18-36.
Effendy, Onong U. 1981. Dimensi-Dimensi Komunikasi. Bandung:
Alumni
Elfanany, Burhan. 2013. Buku Pintar Bahasa Tubuh untuk Guru dan
Dosen. Yogyakarta: Araska
Fishman, J.A. 1972. “Domains and the Relationship between Micro-
and macrosociolinguistics.” Dalam J.J. Gumperz dan Hymes
(eds.), Directions in Sociolinguistics. New York: Holt, Rinehart
and Winston, 435-453.
Heylin, Angela. 2003. Kiat Sukses Komunikasi : Langkah-Langkah Praktis
untuk Berhasil dalam Melakukan Persentasi dan Persuasi (alih
bahasa Sanudi Hendra). Jakarta : Mitra Utama
Huang, L. 2011. Nonverbal Communication in College English
Classroom Teaching. Journal of Language Teaching and Research,
2(4): 903-908.
Knapp, M. 1978. Nonverbal Behavior in Human Interactions, 2nd ed. New
York : Holt, Rinehart and Winston
Knapp, M. 1978. dalam Pathfinder Nonverbal Communication.
http://cources. unt. edu/ chandler/SLIS5640/PATFINDERS/
COMMUNICATION/patfinder.htm 1/1/99
Lambert, V.A., dan Lambert, C.E. 2012. Editorial: Qualitative Descriptive
Research, An Acceptable Design. Pacific Rim International Journal
of Nursing Research, October-December:155-156.
Leech, Geoffrey N. 1983. Principles of Pragmatics. New York: Longman.
Levinson, S.C. 1983. Pragmatics. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Mulyana, Deddy. 2000. Ilmu Komunikasi: Suatu Pengantar. Bandung: PT
Remaja Rosdakarya.
Pease, Allan. 1993. Bahasa Tubuh: Bagaimana Membawa Pikiran Seseorang
Melalui Gerak Isyarat (Terjemahan Arun Gayatri). Jakarta: PT
Arcan.
Renkema, J. 2004. Introduction to Discource Studies. Amsterdam: John
Benjamins Publishing Co. P.O.
Preston, P. 2005. Nonverbal Communication: Do You Really Say What
You Mean? Journal of Healthcare Management, 50(2): 83-86.
Searle, J.R. 1971. What is Speech Act dalam The Philosophy of Language.
Oxford University Press
Searle, J.R. 1979. Expression and Meaning: Studies in the Theory of Speech
Acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Seken, I Ketut et al. 1990. Studi tentang Komunikasi antarkasta
di Kalangan Mahasiswa Bali di FKIP Universitas Udayana
Denpasar (Laporan Penelitian Universitas Udayana Denpasar).
Seken, I Ketut. 2004. Being Polite in Balinese: An Analysis of Balinese
Adat Leaders’ Spoken Discource (Dissertation State University of
Malang).
Sibarani, Robert. 1992. Hakikat Bahasa. Bandung: PT Citra Aditya Bakti.
Suwito, Umar. 1989. Komunikasi untuk Pembangunan. Jakarta:
Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Direktorat Jenderal
Pendidikan Tinggi Proyek Pengembangan Lembaga Pendidikan
Tenaga Kependidikan.
Thomas, J.A. 2014. Meaning in Interaction: An Introduction to Pragmatics.
London: Roudledge Taylor & Francis Group.
Wood, J.T. 2010. Interpersonal Communication: Everyday Encounters.
Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.













