Unleashing Gastronomy Potential for Tourism Product Diversification in Labuan Bajo Manggarai Barat

Authors

  • Fransiskus Xaverius Teguh Ministry of Tourism Republic of Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Amelda Pramezwary Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia
  • Wilhelmina Rose Gajeng Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24922/eot.v12i2.2172

Keywords:

gastronomy tourism, product diversification, Labuan Bajo, culinary heritage, sustainable tourism

Abstract

This study explores how local gastronomy can diversify tourism products in Labuan Bajo, Manggarai Barat, a destination dominated by nature-based attractions. Using a qualitative case study, data were collected from 25 informants (local chefs, entrepreneurs, operators, community leaders, government) through 15 in-depth interviews and 2 focus group discussions, complemented by participant observation. Thematic analysis identified four key themes: (1) authenticity and cultural identity embedded in local dishes, (2) stakeholder collaboration gaps, (3) limited culinary promotion and infrastructure, and (4) emerging grassroots innovations. Findings show that while tourists value unique dishes such as jagung titi and se’i, their integration into tourism remains fragmented; collaborative events and culinary SMEs demonstrate potential models for scaling. The novelty of this study lies in mapping stakeholder collaboration mechanisms and proposing a staged experience model (education, taste exploration, cultural celebration) tailored for Labuan Bajo’s gastronomy sector. Integrating gastronomy into tourism strategies can extend visitor stays, strengthen local identity, and foster inclusive economic growth.

References

Abdillah, F., Ayuningsih, S. F., Basala-mah, A., & Rachmat, T. A. (2025). Inventory of Gastro-Tourism Eco-system Concept in Ciletuh Ge-opark, Indonesia. E-Journal of Tourism, 12 (1) 75-90. https://doi.org/10.24922/eot.v12i1.125583

Bain, A. (2024). Effect of Culinary Tour-ism on Local Economic Develop-ment in South Africa. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. https://doi.org/10.47672/jht.2382

Basuki, E. A., & Sari, I. R. (2024). Tradi-tional Gastronomy as Marine Tour-ism Attraction in East Nusa Tenggara Province (Studies Region City Kupang and Labuan Bajo Re-gency West Manggarai). The Jour-nal Gastronomy Tourism. https://doi.org/10.17509/gastur.v11i1.71441

Castillo-Villar, F. (2020). Destination im-age restoration through local gas-tronomy: the rise of Baja Med cui-sine in Tijuana. International Jour-nal of Culture, Tourism and Hospi-tality Research, 14, 507–523. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-03-2019-0054

Chen, X. (2020). Make it memorable: Tourism experience, fun, recom-mendation and revisit intentions of Chinese outbound tourists. Sustain-ability (Switzerland), 12(5), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051904

Coelho, R. A. (2025). Culinary Tourism: The Role of Local Cuisine in En-hancing Destination Appeal. In-terantional Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Man-agement. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem41482

Da Mota, C. V., Rodrigues, R., Palrão, T., & Madeira, A. (2024). The Role of Gastronomy as A Driver of Rural Tourism Development: The Case of Mirandela. European Countryside, 16, 480–499. https://doi.org/10.2478/euco-2024-0025

Dina, S., Hadiwijoyo, S. S., & De Fretes, C. H. J. (2025). Collaborative Gov-ernance in the Development of Salatiga as a Creative City of Gas-tronomy. Journal of Management and Administration Provision. https://doi.org/10.55885/jmap.v5i1.574

Erb, M. (2010). Cultural tourism and the heritage of the colonial past in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Indone-sia and the Malay World, 38(111), 189–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2010.489391

Fatina, S., Soesilo, T., & Tambunan, R. (2023). Collaborative Integrated Sustainable Tourism Management Model Using System Dynamics: A Case of Labuan Bajo, Indonesia. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511937

Fitriani, A., Sugiyarto, & Dwiastanti, A. (2023). Exploring the diversifica-tion of tourism products in Labuan Bajo. Journal of Tourism Research & Hospitality, 12(2), 1-12.

Gómez-Rico, M., Molina-Collado, A., Santos-Vijande, M. L., & Bilgihan, A. (2021). Motivations, self-congruity and restaurant innova-tiveness as antecedents of a crea-tive-food tourism experience: the moderating effect of first-time and repeat tourists. British Food Jour-nal. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-03-2021-0271

Grigoriadis, P., Salepaki, A., Angelou, I., & Kourkouridis, D. (2025). Risk and Resilience in Tourism: How Political Instability and Social Conditions Influence Destination Choices. Tourism and Hospitality. https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp6020083

Gündüz, C., Rezaei, M., Quaglia, R., & Pironti, M. (2024). Culinary tour-ism: exploring cultural diplomacy through gastronomy festivals in Turkey and Italy. British Food Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/bfj-11-2023-0965

Hammar, R. K. R., & Yuniarsa, S. O. (2022). A Local Pride and Tourism Business Mechanisms with Finan-cial Tools: Evidence in Labuan Ba-jo, Flores Island. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsocial.2022.2.6.352

Hernández-Rojas, R., & Alcocer, N. H. (2021). The role of traditional res-taurants in tourist destination loyal-ty. PLoS ONE, 16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253088

Horng, J.-S., & Tsai, C. (2012). Culinary tourism strategic development: an Asia‐Pacific perspective. Interna-tional Journal of Tourism Re-search, 14, 40–55. https://doi.org/10.1002/JTR.834

Islahuddin, I., Eppang, B. M., Som, A., Masatip, A., & Salim, M. (2022). Adaptation and collaboration of lo-cal community in super priority destination tourism program in La-buan Bajo. ETNOSIA: Jurnal Etnografi Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.31947/etnosia.v7i1.19708

Ivashura, A., Borysenko, O., & Soldaten-ko, A. (2021). Sustainable Food as an Environmental Marker in The Food Tourism Industry. Series: Economic Science. https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-5-165-50-55

Jain, T., Priyadarshi, S., Das, M., & Gup-ta, A. (2024). Culinary Tourism and its Role in Diversifying Punjab Tourism Offerings. Interantional Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem38502

Jerez, M. (2023). Tourism marketing of the autonomous communities of Spain to promote gastronomy as part of their destination branding. International Journal of Gastrono-my and Food Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgfs.2023.100727

Johar, K., Tan, D., Maung, Y., & Doug-las, I. (2021). Destination Market-ing: Optimizing Resource Alloca-tion Using Modern Portfolio Theo-ry. Journal of Travel Research, 61, 1358–1377. https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875211025099

Juliana, J., Sianipar, R., Lemy, D. M., Pramezwary, A., Pramono, R., & Djakasaputra, A. (2023). Factors Influencing Visitor Satisfaction and Revisit Intention in Lombok Tour-ism: The Role of Holistic Experi-ence, Experience Quality, and Viv-id Memory. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 18(8), 2503–2511. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.180821

Juliana, Sihombing, S. O., Antonio, F., Si-jabat, R., & Bernarto, I. (2024). The Role of Tourist Experience in Shaping Memorable Tourism Expe-riences and Behavioral Intentions. International Journal of Sustaina-ble Development and Planning, 19(4), 1319–1335. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.190410

Kahraman, O., & Cifci, I. (2022). Model-ing self-identification, memorable tourism experience, overall satis-faction and destination loyalty: empirical evidence from small is-land destinations. Journal of Hospi-tality and Tourism Insights. https://doi.org/10.1108/jhti-02-2022-0090

Kuahaty, J., Adoe, Yefri., & Steven, M. (2024). Tourism Problems Policy in Labuan Bajo Using a Democratic Approach. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Negara (JUAN). https://doi.org/10.31629/juan.v12i2.6612

Lallen, N. (2024). The Role of Gastrono-my in Shaping Tourist Experiences: A Study of Iloilo Province, Philip-pines. Communications of Interna-tional Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.5171/2024.4332024

Letunovska, N., & Lytvynenko, D. (2025). Gastronomic tourism as a tool for promoting healthy nutri-tion: managing and market trends. Galician Economic Journal. https://doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2025.02.113

Levyda, L., Giyatmi, G., Ratnasari, K., & Valeriani, D. (2024). Embracing Culinary Tourism as a Strategy for Boosting Regional Development: Bangka Belitung Case Studies. In-tegrated Journal of Business and Economics. https://doi.org/10.33019/ijbe.v8i3.888

Macêdo, A. C. L., Soares, J., & Solla, X. (2025a). Cultural Aspects and Sus-tainability in Gastronomic Places: Analysis in Tourist Cities in Brazil and Europe. Revista JRG de Estu-dos Acadêmicos. https://doi.org/10.55892/jrg.v8i18.1933

Macêdo, A. C. L., Soares, J., & Solla, X. (2025b). Gastronomic territories: critical review of the literature. Studies in Social Sciences Review. https://doi.org/10.54018/sssrv6n1-008

Martin, C. A., Izquierdo, C. C., & La-guna-García, M. (2021). Culinary tourism experiences: The effect of iconic food on tourist intentions. Tourism Management Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2021.100911

Mbulu, Yustisia Pasfatima et al. (2025). Sensory Marketing: Comparison of Chinese Restaurants in Indonesia and Hainan (China) on the Satisfac-tion of Indonesian Tourists. E-Journal of Tourism, 12 (1), 128-142. https://doi.org/10.24922/eot.v12i1.123379.

Okumus, B., Koseoglu, M. A., & Ma, F. (2021). Food tourism research: A bibliometric analysis. International Journal of Hospitality Manage-ment, 94, 102866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.102866

Oloyede, O., Akinremi, T. I., Olagunju, O. J., Alagbe, I. C., Olarinde, R. O., & Idowu-Mogaji, G. O. (2024). Sustainable culinary tourism in Osogbo integrating ecotourism, nu-trition, and gastronomy for holistic destination experiences. Toros Uni-versity Journal of Food, Nutrition and Gastronomy. https://doi.org/10.58625/jfng-2668

Ovcharenko, N., Galenko, E., Orlovskaia, I., & Shumakova, E. (2021). Gas-tronomic Tourism as a Way of Forming Impressions. SHS Web of Conferences. https://doi.org/10.1051/SHSCONF/202111006002

Padyala, M., & Kiran, K. S. (2025). Gas-tronomy Tourism and Sustainable Development: A Desk-Based Study of Global Best Practices and Their Applicability in India. Internation-al Journal on Science and Technol-ogy. https://doi.org/10.71097/ijsat.v16.i2.4701

Pamukcu, H., Saraç, Ö., Aytuğar, S., & Sandıkçı, M. (2021). The Effects of Local Food and Local Products with Geographical Indication on the Development of Tourism Gas-tronomy. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU13126692

Paramita, M., Santosa, P. B., & Sutanto, E. M. (2023). Culinary tourism in Indonesia: Opportunities and de-velopment challenges. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 21(2), 253-273.

Pérez, J. A. E., Figueroa, J. M. M., Trujil-lo, A. M. Á., Ibarias, M. J., & Agui-lar, I. R. (2024). Sustainable man-agement of gastronomic tourism in specific destinations: Perspectives and challenges. Journal of Infra-structure, Policy and Development. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i9.7508

Pine, Joseph and Gilmore, J. (1998). Wel-come to the Experience Economy”, Harvard Business Review, July-August, pp 97-105.

Pinke-Sziva, I., Smith, M., Csapody, B., & Szakály, O. (2025). Gastronomy as a special interest tourism product in Budapest. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes. https://doi.org/10.1108/whatt-01-2025-0031

Pivarski, B. K., Tešanović, D., Šmugović, S., Ivanović, V., Paunić, M., Vojnović, D. V., Vujasinović, V., & Jaraković, S. G. (2024). Gastrono-my as a Predictor of Tourism De-velopment—Defining Food-Related Factors from the Perspec-tive of Hospitality and Tourism Employees in Srem (A.P. Vojvodi-na, R. Serbia). Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162410834

Pramezwary, Amelda, Lemy, Diena M. Juliana, Sitorus, Nova Bernedeta Masatip, Anwari, Dalimunthe, Femmy Indriany, Liyushiana, Yanti, D. (2022). Sustainability Gastronomy Tourism in Medan City. International Journal of Sus-tainable Development and Plan-ning, 17(2), 399–411.

Recuero-Virto, N. (2025). Culinary desti-nation enchantment: The strategic interplay of local gastronomy in re-gional tourism development. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5027264

Riady, I., Sirojuzilam, Purwoko, A., Lu-bis, S. N., & Charloq. (2024). De-velopment Model of Sustainable Agrotourism-Based Village Tour-ism for Improving Community Welfare in Tapanuli Utara Regen-cy, Indonesia. Journal of Ecohu-manism. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i7.4291

Siagian, R., Paulus, Y., Wadhi, H., Sa-kura, K. N., Wiliater, T., Panjaitan, S., & Bajo, L. (2023). Sustaining Local Industry: Linkages Between SME And Hotel Industries in Labu-an Bajo. Jurnal Akademisi Vokasi. https://doi.org/10.63604/javok.v2i1.27

Sjölander‐Lindqvist, A., Jong, A., Puig, R. G., Romeo, G., & Skoglund, W. (2021). Gastronomy and creative entrepreneurship in rural tourism: encouraging sustainable communi-ty development. A Research Agen-da for Heritage Planning. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788974639.00029

Stavrianea, A., & Kamenidou, I. (2021). Memorable tourism experiences, destination image, satisfaction, and loyalty: an empirical study of San-torini Island. Euromed Journal of Business. https://doi.org/10.1108/EMJB-10-2020-0106

Sujawoto, F. A., Dewanto, G., & Sari, E. K. (2025). Discovering Sustainable Beyond the Food Festivals: A Case Study on the Keuken Food Festival in Bandung. Proceedings Interna-tional Conference on Marine Tour-ism and Hospitality Studies. https://doi.org/10.33649/iconmths.v1i1.371

Sulaiman, A. I., Pangestuti, S., Sugito, T., & Sabiq, A. (2022). Community Empowerment in Culinary Tourism Development as Sustainable Rural Development. Sustainable Devel-opment Research. https://doi.org/10.30560/sdr.v4n1p1

Suparjo, S., Dana, Y. A., Kumala, C. M., & Sunarsih, E. S. (2024). Stake-holder Collaboration in Sustainable Tourism Development in Tana Toraja, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia: Efforts to Improve Tour-ist Visits. Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Studies. https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v7-i6-58

Soesilo, A. T., & Tambunan, R. (2023). Labuan Bajo as a super-priority destination: Tourism development and its socio-economic impacts. Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Development Studies, 11(1), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jitode.2023.011.01.05

Susanti, N. D., Arini, H., & Wulandari, N. (2022). Sustainable tourism in La-buan Bajo: Stakeholders’ percep-tions. Sustainability, 14(14), 8541.

Suvittawat, A., Janchai, N., Seepho, S., Nonthachai, J., & Nonthachai, I. (2025). Sustainable Food Festival Tourism: Integrating the Bio-Circular-Green (BCG) Model for Cultural and Environmental Resili-ence in Thailand. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17051969

Telfer, D. J., & Wall, G. (2020). Tourism and Food: A Reader. Channel View Publications.

Thullah, A., & Jalloh, S. A. (2021). A Review of the Economic, Social and Environmental Impacts of Tourism Development. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Business. https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJTAB.20210702.12

Tulung, L., Lapian, S. J., Lengkong, V., & Tielung, M. (2025). The Role of Smart Tourism Technologies, Des-tination Image and Memorable Tourism Experiences as Determi-nants of Tourist Loyalty. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental. https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v19n4-013

Tsai, C. T. (2020). Culinary tourism and night markets in Taiwan. Interna-tional Journal of Tourism Cities, 6(2), 363-380.

Uludağ, C. (2019). Sustainability in gas-tronomy tourism. Sustainable Tour-ism Practices in the Mediterranean. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315104911-3

UNWTO (2019, 2022). Gastronomy Tourism: The Case of Food Experi-ences. World Tourism Organiza-tion.

Utami, N. D., Gurning, R. O., & Darma-wan, D. (2020). Gastronomy tour-ism development in Indonesia. Tourism Planning & Development, 17(5), 523-536.

Vuksanović, N., Bajrami, D. D., Petrović, M., Radovanović, M., Malinović‐Milićević, S., Radosavac, A., Obra-dović, V., & Ravančić, E. (2024). The Role of Culinary Tourism in Local Marketplace Business—New Outlook in the Selected Developing Area. Agriculture. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14010130

Walpole, M. J., & Goodwin, H. J. (2000). Local economic impacts of dragon tourism in Indonesia. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(3), 559–576. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00088-2

Wiarti, L. Y., Suasapha, A. H., & Ma-hadewi, N. M. E. (2020). Measur-ing tourist’s characteristics and preferences in selecting a destina-tion: A case of Labuan Bajo as a priority destination in Indonesia. In Proceedings of the 1st Padjadjaran Communication Conference Series 2019 (pp. 51–58). EAI. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.9-10-2019.2297202

Wijaya, I., Budarma, I., & Murni, N. (2023). Exploring the culinary her-itage: Strategies for promoting gas-tronomy tourism in Tourism Vil-lage Tista Tabanan. Journal of Ap-plied Sciences in Travel and Hospi-tality. https://doi.org/10.31940/jasth.v6i2.107-116

Williams, H. A., Park, S., & Park, E. (2022). The experiential impact of gastronomy in tourism: A cross-cultural analysis. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(6), 874-888.

Yubianto, S. D., & Putra, A. N. (2024a). Sustainable Gastronomy Practices in Indonesia’s Island Tourism: A Focus on Bali and Labuan Bajo. Journey: Journal of Tourismpre-neurship, Culinary, Hospitality, Convention and Event Manage-ment. https://doi.org/10.46837/journey.v7i2.227

Yudhoyono, A. H., Putra, A. P., & Su-santi, L. (2021). Tourist behavior and spending patterns in Labuan Bajo. International Journal of Tour-ism Research, 23(5), 678–691. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2456

Yudhoyono, E. B., Siregar, H., Achsani, N., & Irawan, T. (2021). The Im-pact of Tourism on the Economy and Community Welfare in Labuan Bajo Area, Indonesia. International Journal of Sustainable Develop-ment and Planning. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.160219

Yuningsih, E., Putra, I. M. A., & Wulandari, N. (2024). Culinary-based tourism development in La-buan Bajo: Local potential and challenges. Journal of Tourism, Heritage & Services Marketing, 10(1), 33-41.

Zainal, A., Zali, N. A., & Kassim, M. S. (2021). Exploring food image and destination branding. Tourism Re-view, 76(3), 623-638.

Downloads

Published

2025-09-30

How to Cite

Teguh, F. X., Pramezwary, A., & Gajeng, W. R. (2025). Unleashing Gastronomy Potential for Tourism Product Diversification in Labuan Bajo Manggarai Barat. E-Journal of Tourism, 12(2), 158–177. https://doi.org/10.24922/eot.v12i2.2172

Similar Articles

1 2 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.