CHARACTERISTICS OF BIDARA LEAF EXTRACT (Ziziphus mauritiana L.) BY PARTICLE SIZE AND METHANOL CONCENTRATION TREATMENT

Abstract

Abstrak Bahasa Inggris (Huruf Sentence case TNR 11 spasi 1.0 before dan after 0pt, left dan right 0.5 Italic, Justify) The bidara plant (Ziziphus mauritiana L.) is a plant originating from dry and semi-dry climates. Bidara leaves are known to contain various bioactive compounds, including saponins, which have antioxidant activity. This study aims to determine the effect of particle size and methanol concentration on the characteristics of bidara leaf extract and to determine the best particle size and methanol concentration to produce bidara leaf extract. This study is an experimental study designed using a Randomized Block Design with a factorial experimental pattern. Two factors were tested, namely particle size consisting of 3 levels, namely 40, 60, and 80 mesh and methanol concentration consisting of 3 levels, namely 76%, 86%, and 96%. The results showed that the treatment of particle size and methanol concentration and the interaction between the two treatments affected the yield, saponin content, foam height, and antioxidant capacity of bidara leaf extract. The best treatment to produce bidara leaf extract using the effectiveness index test was the treatment of 80 mesh particle size and 86% methanol concentration with the characteristics of bidara leaf extract, namely a yield of 27.31±1.11%, saponin content of 52.94±0.63%, foam height of 26.83±0.71 mm, and antioxidant capacity of 3.783±0.23 mg GAEAC/g.