Isolation Of Cellulose From Coconut Fiber (Cocos Nucifera L.) At Variation Of Temperature And Time Of Bleaching Process With Peracetic Acid

Abstract

Coco fiber is one of the natural sources of cellulose in Indonesia whose potential has not been utilized  optimally. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature and time of bleaching process using  peracetic acid (PAA) on the characteristics of cellulose produced, as well as to determine the best  combination of temperature and time for bleaching process with PAA to produce coco fiber cellulose.  This study used a randomized block design with two factors, that were temperature (60°C, 80°C, 100°C)  and time (30 minutes and 60 minutes). Variables observed were yield, whiteness index, cellulose,  hemicellulose, and lignin content. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and continued with  Duncan's multiple comparison test. The results showed that temperature of bleaching process had a  very significant effect on yield, whiteness index, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content of coco  fiber. The time of bleaching process had a very significant effect on whiteness index, cellulose,  hemicellulose, also lignin content, and had a significant effect on yield of coco fiber. The interaction  between temperature and time of bleaching process had a very significant effect on whiteness index,  cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content, but had no significant effect on yield content of coco fiber.  The best treatment to produce cellulose was obtained by using PAA at a temperature of 100°C and a  time of 60 minutes. The characteristics were 35.38±0.32% yield, 84.77±0.81% whiteness index,  83.14±0.22% cellulose, 6.60±0.51% hemicellulose, and 4.23±0.55% lignin.