Effect Of Surfactant Mixture Ratio And Surfactant Mixture Ratio With White Cempaka Essential Oil (Michelia Alba Dc.) Against The Characteristics Of Microemulsions As Body Mist

Abstract

Essential oils are complex mixtures of volatile alcohol compounds and are produced as secondary metabolites in plants. Essential oils usually determine the characteristic aroma of the plant, white cempaka flowers contain 0.2 % essential oil obtained by distillation. The essential oil contained in white cempaka is shown to have antimicrobial activity. This study aims to determine the effect of the formulation of the ratio of the surfactant mixture Tween 80: Tween 20: Span 80 on the microemulsion characteristics of white cempaka essential oil as a body mist, determine the ratio of the surfactant mixture Tween 80 : Tween 20: Span 80 appropriately to obtain the microemulsion characteristics of white cempaka essential oil as a body mist, knowing the effect of the ratio of the mixture of surfactants and essential oil of white cempaka on the microemulsion characteristics of white cempaka essential oil as a body mist and determining the appropriate ratio of the mixture of white cempaka and essential oil to obtain the microemulsion characteristics of white cempaka essential oil as body mist . This experiment used a one-factor Complete Randomized Design (RAL). In this study, it was carried out in 2 stages. The first stage consists of a ratio of 20:80 tween surfactant mixtures: 80: span 80 with 5 levels, namely (97:2,27:0.25); (97:2,5:0,5); (97:2,25:0,75); (97:2:1) and (97:1,75:1,25) The second stage consists of a mixture of surfactants: white cempaka essential oil selected in the first stage consisting of 11 levels, namely (90:10) (87,5:12,5) (85:15) (82,5:17,5) (80:20) (77,5:22,5) (75:25) (72,5:27.5) (70:30) (67,5:32,5) (65:35). Stability tests were performed against centrifugation, pH and 8-week intermittent dilution with turbidity index parameters the turbidity index test was performed every 2 weeks, the damage rate was calculated using linear regression analysis. Turbidity index values below 1% and transparent appearance are expressed as stable microemulsions. The results showed that the ratio of nonionic surfactant mixtures of Tween 80, Tween20, Span80 at RS5 treatment (1.75,97,1.25) was the best result with the characteristics of the turbidity index value before testing, namely 0.241±0.020, after centrifugation 0.253±0.026. Meanwhile, the ratio of a mixture of surfactants and white cempaka essential oil in the SM6 treatment of 77.5: 22.5 was the best result with a transparent appearance, the turbidity index value before the test was 0.464±0.077 and after centrifugation 0.211±0.002. The best microemulsions are microemulsions that have the highest concentration of white cempaka oil. The microemulsion of white cempaka essential oil is stable against dilution using pH 4.5, pH 5.5, pH 6.5 and dilutions of 1:9, 1:49, and 1:99 during 8 weeks of storage. The size of the microemulsion droplets of white cempaka essential oil with an average of 40.0±24.0 nm with a polydispersion index value of 0.333. The microemulsion of white cempaka essential oil has an average potential zeta value of -1.2 and is stable for 8 weeks of storage.