E-Journal of Cultural Studies (EJOCS) is an electronic journal in the field of cultural studies, published Four times a year since 2013, every February, May, August and November. Published by the Master and Doctoral Program in Cultural Studies, Faculty of Humanities, Udayana University. EJOCS contain English-language scientific writings on research results, theoretical reviews or methodologies, and other case reports with an interdisciplinary approach. Cultural studies is an interdisciplinary field that discusses critically the social and political context of various cultural practices in society. The focus is deconstruction of the relationship between various cultural practices and powers that dominate or hegemony in the context of human emancipation and the development of science, technology and art (science and technology) for the welfare of society. EJOCS has a full commitment towards the authenticity of the articles and papers published. Each the authors who submit their articles to EJOCS for publication must be able to prove that the work submitted is original contributions and have not been published in part or in whole on other print media. To achieve this commitment, the EJOCS provides objectively and fairly peer-review to every article submitted by blind reviewers from domestic and foreign universities. Master and Doctoral Program in Cultural Studies, Faculty of Humanities, Udayana University was established in 2001 and its address is Jalan Pulau Nias number 13 Denpasar, Bali, post code: 80114, telephone/facsimile: (0361) 246653. Website: https://ejournal1.unud.ac.id/index.php/ecs/ Email: cultural.studies@unud.ac.id
Master and Doctoral Program in Cultural Studies, Faculty of Humanities, Udayana University
This work is licensehttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/d under a Creative Commons AttribEditution 4.0 International License. E-Journal of Cultural Studies ( e-ISSN 2338-2449 ) Managed by Cultural Studies Doctorate Program Postgraduate Program Faculty of Arts Udayana University. email: cultural.studies@unud.ac.id Jl. Pulau Nias No 13 Denpasar Published by Udayana Universityhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Abstract This article explores color as a polysemic symbolic system within Balinese Hinduism, with attention to the relationships between cosmological structure, ritual practice, and religious experience. Whereas previous research on religion and anthropology has largely treated symbols as sets of meaning (Geertz, 1973) or as vehicles of ritual transformation (Turner, 1969), color as a potent symbolic medium has received less attention (to say nothing of close attention to non-Western contexts like Bali). This study employs a qualitative critical literature review, integrated with symbolic hermeneutic and phenomenological analyses. The findings show that color functions in three interrelated levels: (1) as a cosmological structure demarcating spatial orientation and sacred ordering, (2) as a ritual medium mediating the relationship between human and divine, and (3) as an embodied experience shaping religious emotions and awareness. This study introduces a multidimensional framework that reframes color as part of a system of meaning, positioning colors as an interrelated symbolic system that can consider cosmology, practice, and experience. This study advances symbolic anthropology and religious studies through a contextual, experiential, and integrative lens by marrying classical theoretical perspectives with local Balinese knowledge.
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CONSTRUCTING IDENTITY THROUGH REPRESENTATION AND SOCIAL RELATION IN ZADIE SMITH’S SWING TIME NOVEL (2016)
This study discusses how identity is constructed through representation and social relations in Zadie Smith's novel Swing Time (2016), focusing on issues of race, social class, friendship, and personal ambition. This study uses Stuart Hall's theory of representation and identity, which views identity not as something fixed or essential, but as a process that is continuously shaped and negotiated through practices of representation and social relations. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a literary text analysis approach, through close reading of the narrative, relationships between characters, and social patterns that are repeated in the novel. The results of the analysis show that identity in Swing Time is shaped through unequal power relations, particularly in the context of friendship, class structure, and the racial experiences of the characters. This novel represents identity as the result of difference, visibility, and marginalization, rather than as a purely individual choice. Furthermore, personal ambition is depicted as being greatly influenced by social structures that limit access to recognition and social mobility. This study concludes that Swing Time functions as a cultural text that critiques the formation of identity in contemporary society through the lens of representation and power relations.
This article examines how cultural experiences are created and negotiated within the landscape of creative tourism in Ubud, using Balinese dance classes as a case study. Creative tourism is not only a space for the exchange of cultural knowledge and skills between tourists and local communities, but also a field where cultural capital, economic interests, and power relations continuously shape the production and perception of Balinese culture. In this study, Balinese dance classes are understood as a performative field in which "Balineseness" is simplified and negotiated. This research employs an ethnographic method, involving semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. The findings show that creative tourism remains an opportunity for local communities to gain economic benefits from their cultural expertise. However, the scale and sustainability of these benefits are strongly influenced by economic capital, language skills, social networks, and symbolic legitimacy. The challenges of cultural commodification are interpreted differently by local actors as part of the realities of tourism practices in Bali.
NI PUTU ARYA PUTRI AWYAWAHARIKA ARYA PUTRI
The Dayak Hindu Buddhist Community of Bumi Segandu Indramayu is a group of people who belong to a community that has a particular faith. This community performs three rituals, namely Ngaji Rasa, Kumkum and Mepe. The purpose of this research is to find out how messages are conveyed in the rituals of the Indramayu Dayak tribe and what message meaning is conveyed from the ritual activities of Ngaji Rasa, Kumkum, and Mepe. This research uses qualitative methods with ethnographic communication studies, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the research conducted that (1) communicating messages in the Ngaji Rasa, Kumkum, and Mepe rituals is not conveyed directly, but important messages are communicated both verbally through advice, and nonverbally through ritual attributes. (2) The meaning of the message to be conveyed from the Ngaji Rasa, Kumkum, and Mepe ritual activities is to show the close relationship between humans and nature, where nature is considered a source of life for the Indramayu Dayak people who must be respected and maintained.
SIN, THE BODY, and TRUTH: Religious Discourse in Cerita Nyai Dasima The G. Francis (1896) and O. S. Tjiang (1897) Versions from a Foucauldian Perspective
This study examines discourses of power and religious doctrine in Cerita Nyai Dasima by comparing two early versions of the text: the prose version by G. Francis (1896) and the poetic (syair) version by O. S. Tjiang (1897). Starting from the fact that Nyai Dasima is a highly popular figure in colonial literature and has been continuously reproduced across different media, this study approaches religion not as a neutral theological system, but as a discourse that regulates morality, the body, and relations of power. The study employs Michel Foucault’s discourse analysis, focusing on the concepts of episteme (The Order of Things), discourse archaeology (The Archaeology of Knowledge), and sexuality, the body, and confession (The History of Sexuality). The analysis shows that G. Francis’s version represents religion as a rigid and punitive regime of truth, in which Nyai Dasima’s sexuality is positioned as the locus of sin and her suffering is legitimized as a moral consequence. By contrast, O. S. Tjiang’s version deploys a subtler and more persuasive discursive strategy, while still operating within the same colonial episteme. These differences are not merely aesthetic, but reflect the authors’ distinct subject positions within the colonial power structure. This study concludes that religion in Cerita Nyai Dasima functions as a productive and historical technology of power, and remains relevant for understanding practices of moral judgment and bodily regulation in contemporary Indonesian society. Keywords: nyai dasima; discourse; episteme; religious power; doctrine
TITHING DISCOURSE IN THE DYNAMICS OF THE REGIONAL ASSEMBLY OF THE PENTECOSTAL CHURCH in INDONESIA (GPdI) CENTRAL KALIMANTAN
The objectives of this study are, to analyze and reveal the forms of tithing discourse, the underlying ideologies, and their implications within the dynamics of the Regional Assembly of the Pentecostal Church of Indonesia in Central Kalimantan. Initially, tithing was spiritual in nature, but it has undergone significant transformations alongside the development of the church as an organization—shifting from an offering to God, into an offering made as obedience to the church institution, and even as a requirement for attaining certain positions within the church organization. This research employs a qualitative method with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and document study. The theoretical frameworks applied are the theory of power–knowledge relations, hegemony theory, and genetic structuralism. The findings demonstrate that the forms of tithing discourse within the dynamics of the GPdI Regional Assembly in Central Kalimantan are the Biblical discourse can be traced from the history of tithing in the Bible, GPdI theology on tithing becomes a doctrine of belief. The ideologies behind the tithing discourse in the dynamics of the Regional Assembly of the Pentecostal Church in Indonesia Central Kalimantan are Political Ideology, Economic Ideology, Social Ideology. The implications of the tithing discourse in the dynamics of the Regional Assembly of the Pentecostal Church in Indonesia Central Kalimantan are, to The GPdI Central Kalimantan Regional Assembly 2017-2022 period, to The GPdI Central Kalimantan Regional Assembly 2022-2027 period, Amendment of the GPdI Articles of Association and Bylaws of 2012, and to the GPdI Central Kalimantan Pastors.
EXPLORING ETHNO-SCIENCE IN LOCAL TRADITIONAL FOOD: Reconstruction Analysis into Scientific Education Content
This research explores the integration of traditional foods into science education through the analysis of Cenil, Jadah Tempe, Gethuk Lindri, Geplak, and Legomoro. By investigating the nutritional content, food additives, and cooking processes of these traditional dishes, the study aims to bridge the gap between cultural practices and scientific principles. The research employs qualitative methods, including observation and analysis of traditional food preparation, to uncover the scientific concepts underlying these foods, such as heat transfer, chemical reactions, and physical changes. The findings highlight the educational potential of traditional foods, demonstrating their value as practical examples for teaching scientific concepts and promoting critical thinking. The study also emphasizes the importance of integrating 21st-century skills—critical thinking, collaboration, communication, and creativity—into science education through the exploration of culturally relevant content. This approach not only enhances students' understanding of science but also fosters appreciation for cultural heritage and encourages sustainable practices. The research suggests that incorporating traditional foods into the curriculum can provide a more engaging and meaningful learning experience, supporting both educational and cultural objectives.
BUNKASAI AN EDUCATIONAL ARENA: A Case Study at Mahasaraswati University Denpasar
This study examines the practice of the Japanese cultural festival (Bunkasai) as an educational arena at Mahasaraswati University Denpasar. The festival, which has been regularly held by the Japanese Literature Study Program, is not only a medium for celebrating Japanese culture but also a space for learning, interaction, and knowledge exchange among students, lecturers, and the wider community. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and document studies to reveal how various forms of practice, such as Shodo workshops, Yukata booths, Kana contests, cosplay and coswalk competitions, Aikido demonstrations, and Bon Odori dances function as educational practices. The theoretical framework is based on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of social practice, Michel Foucault’s concept of power/knowledge, and constructivist learning theory. The findings show that Bunkasai not only serves as a cultural celebration but also creates implications in the social, cultural, and educational spheres, while simultaneously raising challenges related to cultural commodification. Keywords: Bunkasai, Japanese culture, educational arena, globalization, hybridity
POLITICAL COMMUNICATION IN BUILDING A LEADERSHIP IMAGE ON @NILUHDJELANTIK INSTAGRAM ACCOUNT
This study analyzes Ni Luh Djelantik's political communication in building leadership image through Instagram account @niluhdjelantik using Hanna Pitkin's Political Representation Theory framework. A descriptive qualitative research method was applied involving nine informants consisting of the account owner, Instagram account admin, political communication academic, and six active followers in Denpasar City through semi-structured in-depth interviews, content observation, and documentation study. The results show that Ni Luh Djelantik's political communication successfully builds a strong leadership image through the integration of four representation dimensions: (1) formal representation through DPD RI legitimacy that strengthens credibility; (2) descriptive representation through identity as a Balinese woman with activist and entrepreneur background that creates emotional closeness; (3) symbolic representation through assertive communication style and use of Balinese cultural symbols that reinforces authenticity; (4) substantive representation through content containing constructive criticism, educational information, and solutions relevant to Balinese community needs. The integration of these four dimensions forms a holistic leadership image: brave, honest, caring for grassroots communities, rooted in local values, and responsive to actual problems. The research confirms that Instagram has transformed political communication to become more interactive and participatory, functioning as a "24-hour digital aspiration office" that opens direct access between people's representatives and constituents, and is effective in building legitimacy and mobilizing political participation among young generation. Keywords: political communication, leadership image, Instagram, political representation, social media
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IMPLICATIONS OF FASHION CONTENT ON TIKTOK AS A GEN Z DIGITAL CULTURAL PHENOMENON IN DENPASAR CITY
This research aims to explore the implications of fashion content dissemination on TikTok as a digital cultural phenomenon that influences lifestyle standards and fashion trends among Gen Z in Denpasar City. The primary focus of this study is to analyze the impact of influencer @nazwaadinda's account on Gen Z's fashion preferences, along with the positive and negative effects arising from this phenomenon. Within the context of digital culture, TikTok has become a key platform for Gen Z to seek lifestyle inspiration, particularly through interactive and creative visual content. The Uses and Gratification Theory is employed to understand the motivations and satisfaction of Gen Z in consuming fashion content, including their reasons for connecting with influencers like @nazwaadinda. The findings reveal that content shared by Nazwaadinda not only shapes clothing choices but also influences shopping habits and trend-oriented mindsets. While it offers positive impacts such as enhanced creativity and increased fashion awareness, this phenomenon also brings about social pressures to adhere to specific standards and anxiety related to ideal body image. As part of digital culture, TikTok creates a space where fashion trends evolve dynamically, reflecting the collective identity of Gen Z, particularly in Denpasar. This phenomenon highlights how social media acts as a cultural agent that shapes the perceptions and behaviors of young generations in the digital era. Keywords: Dissemination of Fashion Content, TikTok, Digital Cultural Phenomenon, Gen Z, Denpasar City
This study investigates the role of Rembuk Pemuda on Instagram as a virtual public sphere that addresses the persistent issue of low voter participation among Generation Z in Denpasar. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through digital observations, document analysis, and in-depth interviews (WWC) with community leaders, content creators, and Gen Z followers across Denpasar Barat, Denpasar Timur, Denpasar Utara, and Denpasar Selatan. The findings reveal that Rembuk Pemuda effectively utilizes visual storytelling, interactive content, and data-driven messages to enhance political literacy and civic engagement among youth. Informants emphasized that the platform’s neutral stance, relatable tone, and credible information foster trust and encourage reflective discussion. Through infographics, short videos, and participatory comment spaces, Rembuk Pemuda transforms abstract political issues into accessible, culturally resonant narratives. Analysis using Habermas’s Theory of Communicative Action shows that the platform fulfills the principles of clarity, truth, sincerity, and appropriateness, enabling rational-critical dialogue within digital environments. However, challenges such as algorithmic bias, gender dynamics, and awareness fatigue persist. Despite these constraints, the study demonstrates that youth-led civic communities like Rembuk Pemuda can reshape digital communication into participatory and inclusive spaces that promote democratic awareness. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how communicative action and digital rhetoric operate in Indonesia’s emerging digital democracy. Keywords: Political Communication, Instagram, Digital Public Sphere, Generation Z, Rembuk Pemuda
MATERIALISM AND UTILITARIANISM IN HOT FUZZ: A CULTURAL MATERIALIST ANALYSIS
This research aims to examine how the sociocultural aspects in Hot Fuzz (2007) are portrayed as materialistic, supported by Marvin Harris’s theory of cultural materialism. We employed qualitative methods, using both narrative and non-narrative contexts for film analysis, as these two elements encapsulate the data of the film. The study reveals that the materialistic system is reflected in the behaviour of the characters, which revolves around the infrastructure. This behaviour is taken to an extreme by the structure, within the complicity of utilitarianism, as the pursuit of material rewards outweighs natural and social outcomes within the community. Our research shows that Hot Fuzz is a film that is beyond humour, caricaturing capitalist systems. Keywords: behaviour, cultural materialism, film analysis, utilitarianism
GRAFFITI AS PROTEST ART IN STREET WORKS: A CULTURAL STUDIES THEORY ANALYSIS
Graffiti as street art has long been an effective medium of social expression to voice dissatisfaction with social, political, and economic conditions. In the Indonesian context, graffiti developed as a means of protest art that reflects the collective identity of society as well as criticism of controversial government policies. This research uses a cultural studies theoretical approach to analyze the role of graffiti in building protest narratives in public spaces. Using descriptive qualitative methods, this research explores the symbolism and expression patterns in graffiti from various cities in Indonesia. The results show that graffiti such as "Jogja Ora Didol" and "Forced to be Healthy in a Sick Country" not only reflect resistance to government policies but also depict the struggle of marginalized groups in seizing urban space as a medium for cultural expression. These findings confirm that graffiti can function as a powerful visual communication tool in mobilizing people to think critically and build social solidarity. Furthermore, graffiti is seen as a dynamic tool of subcultural resistance, allowing artists to reclaim public spaces often dominated by commercial advertising and government propaganda. This research provides insight into how street art can be a representation of cultural identity, a strategy of resistance, and a dynamic instrument of social change amidst the dynamics of contemporary Indonesian politics. Through the analysis of graffiti narratives, this study underscores the role of visual art as a form of public discourse that challenges hegemonic structures and amplifies the voices of the marginalized. Keywords: Graffiti, Protest Art, Cultural Studies
COMMUNICATION STRATEGY ISLAMIC-HINDU SOCIETY IN KLUNGKUNG REGENCY TO HANDLING CONFLICT
This research discusses the communication strategies of the Islamic-Hindu community in Klungkung Regency in dealing with social conflicts that have the potential to disrupt multicultural harmony. Even though the Religious Harmony Index (IKUB) in Indonesia continues to increase, there are still cases of intolerance originating from various social factors. This research uses a literature study method with content and descriptive analysis to understand the communication strategies implemented in building social harmony. The research results show that the Islamic-Hindu community applies three main strategies, namely interpersonal communication, group communication, and traditional communication based on local wisdom. Barriers to the communication process include differences in frames of thinking, cultural differences, and negative prejudices, especially among young people. However, there are local values such as ngejot, matetulung, masuaka, ngaminang or magibung, and madelokan. This research confirms that effective communication, supported by cultural values and genealogical relationships, is the key to maintaining harmony in a multicultural society. Keywords: communication strategy, Islam-Hinduism, social conflict, multiculturalism, local wisdom
HINDU MARRIAGE RITUALS IN DENPASAR: COMMODIFICATION IN A GLOBALIZED WORLD
A prominent example of globalization's effect on local traditions can be seen in Denpasar's marriage rituals, where modern global culture often vies with a rich local heritage. This phenomenon has implications for transforming values ​​in society’s culture to the private realm in the marriage ceremony as a religious practice, which is now one of the economic potentials through commodification. This study focuses on the commodification of Hindu marriage in Denpasar City in the global era. This study aims to find out what forms and how it occurs. This study is a qualitative study with a cultural studies paradigm. Data is collected through observation, interview, and document study methods. The theory of Commodification and social practices are used to analyze the problems of the study. Data analysis is carried out descriptively and interpretatively by describing the phenomena that occur critically. The study results show that the forms of commodification found in marriage in the global era in Denpasar City are socio-cultural and economic. The factors underlying these forms are globalization, consumer culture, media, and individualism. Keywords: commodification, tradition, Hindu marriage, Denpasar City
CROSSING THE BOUNDARIES OF POWER: The Role of Sekaten and Tabot in the Formation of Local Identity
This study focuses on local traditions in Indonesia, specifically Sekaten in Yogyakarta and Tabot in Bengkulu, as manifestations of local community identity. The primary data sources are colonial historical archives, magazines, newspapers, and secondary documents related to both traditions. The study aims to analyze how Sekaten and Tabot shape local identity through ritual practices, symbols, and community participation. Data were analyzed using a postcolonial approach combined with cultural identity theory, as well as power relations and resistance theory. The findings indicate that Sekaten and Tabot do not function merely as religious rituals, but also as social arenas in which local identity, symbolic authority, and power relations are continuously negotiated and reproduced. Although the two traditions operate within different configurations of power, their persistence amid regime changes from the colonial to the modern period demonstrates the existence of cultural strategies through which communities maintain and rearticulate their respective local identities. Keywords: Sekaten, Tabot, Local Identity, Cultural Tradition.
THE EXISTENCE OF FORMER FEMALE PRISONERS CLASS IIA KEROBOKAN WOMEN'S PRISON (Study of Craftopia Craft Center & Gift Shop Group)
This research examines the phenomenon of the existence of former prisoners of the Kerobokan Class IIA women's correctional institution (Lapas). Some of the former female prisoners formed an independent business group called Craftopia Craft Center & Gift Shop. Former female prisoners formed a group because they felt they were a minority who found it is difficult to get a job. The method used in this research is a qualitative with the perspective of Heidegger's phenomenology theory. Heidegger's phenomenology is used to learn the meaning of “Being” in humans. To explain the phenomenon of former female prisoners, researchers used Heidegger's existence, namely the concept of dasein. This explains the meaning of human existence which has a time dimension. The past relates to the experience of former prisoners in prison as prisoners, then the present as former prisoners who receive negative stigma from society for their future, namely continuing life and showing changes to restore public trust. Keywords: existence, former prisoners, women
FACING FRAGILITY: THE RESISTANCE OF WOMEN HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS IN GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE ADVOCACY IN BALI
Women human rights defenders (WHRDs) often find themselves in vulnerable situations, particularly due to their physicality, sexuality, and gender identity. In patriarchal settings like Bali, where gender inequality remains deeply rooted in cultural norms, such vulnerabilities are further exacerbated. These dynamics significantly affect the broader practice of human rights advocacy and illustrate the inherent risks involved—especially for women defenders working on cases of gender-based violence (GBV).This article explores how resistance emerges among WHRDs in the city of Denpasar, Bali, particularly in the context of advocating for GBV survivors. This resistance is often shaped by the repeated exposure to physical, mental, and sexual vulnerability during the advocacy process. The study also examines how intersecting discourses and patriarchal structures contribute to the formation of this resistance, as well as the resilience that follows. Using qualitative methods, including in-depth interviews and participant observation, this research identifies key forms of resistance practiced by WHRDs handling GBV cases. It finds that such resistance often leads to resilient actions that may positively influence the direction of GBV case handling in the region. Keywords: human right defenders, advocacy, women, fragility, Bali
DIALECTICS OF AUTONOMY AND OBJECTIFICATION OF WOMEN'S BODIES IN THE SING BELING SING NGANTEN DISCOURSE IN BALI
Women are autonomous owners of their own bodies, but various ideologies and powers have disciplined women's bodies. The discourse of sing beling sing nganten in Bali becomes a channel for ideology and patriarchal power to assess women's bodies in the context of sexuality and reproduction. On this basis, this article aims to critically reveal the dialectic of autonomy and objectification of women's bodies in the sing beling sing nganten discourse in Bali through a descriptive-qualitative method based on a critical discourse analysis approach. The results of this study found that the discourse of sing beling sing nganten in Bali reduces Balinese women's bodily autonomy to being limited to objects of sexuality and reproduction. The hegemony of patriarchal power by making sexuality and pregnancy the determining factors for the continuity of a committed relationship has weakened the position of women to become autonomous owners of their own bodies. Body objectification occurs when women have to accept premarital sex, pregnancy and birth in accordance with the natural nature of their bodies. Keywords: dialectics; autonomy; objectification; women’s bodies; sing beling sing nganten discourse.
The THE STRUGGLE OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE TOWARDS THE REORIENTATION OF BHISAMA IN FACING CULTURAL CAPITALIZATION IN TENGANAN DAUH TUKAD VILLAGE
Tenganan Dauh Tukad Village, which is one of the Bali Aga Villages, has a bhisama that contains a prohibition on selling land to parties outside the village. Tenganan Dauh Tukad Village is now faced with the onslaught of capitalists who offer tourism development through a cooperation system. This is a challenge for the indigenous people of Tenganan Dauh Tukad Village to maintain the existence of traditions that they have such as bhisama. This study aims to identify the form of struggles that occured to the reorientation of Bhisama in Tenganan Dauh Tukad Village, to describe the phenomena underlying the struggles that occured to the reorientation of Bhisama in Tenganan Dauh Tukad Village, and to interpret implications of the struggle that occurred to the reorientation of Bhisama in Tenganan Dauh Tukad Village. This research is a qualitative study, using data collection methods such as observation, interviews, and document analysis. The theories used in this paper are the theory of practice by Pierre Bordieu and theory of power/knowledge relations by Michael Foucoult. A deductive approach is employed in the data analysis. The findings reveal that the reorientation of bhisama is carried out by the village head, towards his community. Bhisama is a construct, undergoes deconstruction due to certain interests, from a socio-spiritual ideology to a socio-economic ideology. Using the theories of Bourdieu and Foucault, discipline is implemented in society, allowing the village head to successfully seize his territory, which is the ongoing tourism development in Tenganan Dauh Tukad Village. There are three form of struggles occurs to the reorientation of bhisama in Tenganan Dauh Tukad Village, first is different perception of the bhisama and different perception of capitalist that invest in the village, second is competition between investors, and third is competition of right and obligations among Tenganan Dauh Tukad comunities. There are two factors that influence the struggles of reorientation bhisama, such as internal factor and external factor. The internal factors are lack of communication, differences in interests, and economic disparities. While external factors are caused by the entry of cultural capitalization, technological developments, and globalization. The implications of the struggles to the reorientation of bhisama including implication to the socio-cultural, socio-economic, and environment. Keywords: the struggle, indigenous people, bhisama, cultural capitalization
WOMEN'S REPRESENTATION IN ADHOC BODIES: SUB-DISTRICT ELECTION COMMITTEE IN DENPASAR CITY IN 2024 ELECTION
The issue of gender equality is still a challenge in various fields of life, including in politics and elections. Women often face limited roles and opportunities due to patriarchal social and cultural constructions that place them in the domestic sphere. Although regulations such as Law Number 7 of 2017 and KPU Regulation Number 8 of 2022 have regulated a minimum of 30% women's representation in the organization of elections, its implementation in the field is still far from ideal. This study highlights the low representation of women in the structure of the District Election Committee (PPK) in Denpasar City in the 2024 elections. The findings show that of the four sub- districts in Denpasar City, only three have one female member, while one sub-district has no female representation at all. This lack of representation is influenced by various factors, such as the dominance of male hegemony in politics, the double burden of Balinese women, and cultural and structural constraints that limit women's participation. This research will be a qualitative research to examine the natural conditions of the object, in this case the researcher acts as one of the instruments. This research will be descriptive, because the results are a description of the phenomena recorded in the form of written and spoken words from the people and behavior observed. With a gender theory approach, especially nurture and equilibrium theory, this research emphasizes the importance of transforming people's perspectives and increasing awareness of women's political rights. Women's involvement in elections is not only a form of quota fulfillment, but also a strategic step to create an inclusive, fair, and gender-equal democracy. Keywords: Election, Women's Representation, Participation, Gender, Denpasar City.
THE IMPLICATION OF POWER RELATIONS IN ADAPTING ELECTRIC VEHICLES POLICY IN DENPASAR
The use of electric vehicles is attempted to be a new habit in Denpasar City. But, there is still doubt in many parties to switch from conventional vehicles to electric vehicles. The doubt appears from the government’s inconsistency in applying the policy and giving incentives. The appeal that is intended to the government and people has not been realized yet. The incentives of choosing electric vehicle are still constrained of quota and complicated bureaucracy. The reduce of carbon emission is used as a discourse to influence people’s mindset to rather choose electric vehicle. This research uses qualitative approach through the data from observation, interview, and literature studies to study about the impact of power relation which is played in shaping people’s orientation to use electric vehicles. The power play of the government is seen as only be oriented to public and put aside the realization from government themselves. This research finds that the power relation impacts the marginal with losses without further accountability from the stakeholders. It presses the subordinate group who does not have enough power to against the policy. Keywords: implication, power relation, electric vehicle, Denpasar City
EXPLORING GENDER EQUALITY THROUGH BOURDIEU'S THEORY OF PRACTICE IN MEN IN BLACK : INTERNATIONAL
Modernization driven by globalization does not always yield positive changes for women, who often remain trapped in discrimination and the constraints of patriarchy. The film Men in Black : International serves as a resistance to this discrimination, showcasing female characters as heroes who challenge the notion that women lack the same freedom of movement as men. This research explores the significance of gender equality and its societal impact within the film's context. Employing a qualitative approach and Pierre Bourdieu's theory of practice analysis, data was gathered through scene observations, dialogues, and references from various sources. The findings reveal that the film effectively communicates the importance of gender equality in fostering stronger and equal roles for women compared to men. Additionally, it reflects the social dynamics surrounding gender equality, highlighting the ongoing struggle for women's rights and representation in contemporary society. This film reflects the ever-evolving social dynamics and shows the struggle of women in demanding their rights and fair recognition. The gender equality raised in this film symbolizes the collective effort to create a more inclusive, fair, and empowered society for all, regardless of gender. Keywords: Equality, Gender, Film, Men in Black, Practice.
DECONSTRUCTION OF LOCAL CULTURAL IDENTITY IN COMMERCIAL SPACE DESIGN AT SHOPPING CENTERS (MALLS) IN BALI
The influence of modernization and globalization has triggered a transformation in the representation of culture within the interior design of malls in Bali, where contemporary styles are prioritized over the application of local values. Field observations indicate that cultural elements employed in several Balinese malls function merely as decoration, failing to integrate deeper cultural philosophies. This study uses a qualitative methodology, with data gathered through direct observation, interviews, and a review of literature on Balinese cultural principles. The findings reveal that traditional ornaments, such as carvings and motifs, are treated solely as decorative features. Furthermore, these local elements are overshadowed by modern design components that dominate the space. This phenomenon represents a complex negotiation between the demands of globalization, commercialization, and the preservation of local culture. Consequently, the study recommends the integration of Balinese cultural values, specifically the principles of Tri Hita Karana and Tri Mandala, into mall interior design. This approach can transform malls into modern commercial spaces that simultaneously preserve the distinctive cultural identity of Bali. Keywords: design, commercial space, mall, Balinese culture, modernization, cultural identity, deconstruction
WOMEN'S RESISTANCE IN GEGURITAN RUNTUH WATUGUNUNG
The focus of this research is Balinese Purwa literature, specifically a geguritan titled "Women's Resistance in Geguritan Runtuh Watugunung." The primary data source for this study is the book Satua lan Geguritan Runtuh Watugunung, written by I Nyoman Suprapta. This research aims to analyze the conventions of geguritan and examine the role of female characters in Geguritan Runtuh Watugunung. The text consists of thirty-five stanzas of pupuh. This study employs post-structuralist theory, particularly deconstruction, alongside feminist theory. The research is conducted in three stages: data collection, which utilizes an observational method with note-taking and translation techniques; data analysis, which applies a qualitative approach using descriptive-analytical techniques; and presentation of findings, which employs both formal and informal methods, incorporating inductive and deductive reasoning. The findings reveal the conventions of geguritan, particularly the inconsistencies in padalingsa and suara pamatut across different types of pupuh. Furthermore, this study explores the role of the female character, Diah Sinta, in navigating and overcoming the challenges she faces from birth until the downfall of Watugunung. Keywords: geguritan, geguritan conventions, feminism